Publications

Results research project 'EU integration & ethics'

• Master thesis Matthias Pirs (2018). Ethical Integration in EU Law by The European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies (EGE). full text
  
• Frischhut, M. (2019). The ethical spirit of EU law. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Publications etc.

Selection

• Frischhut, M. (2025). The EU’s Common Values (Art 2 EU-Treaty) as the Underlying Philosophy of the AI Act. In V. L. Raposo (Ed.), The European Artificial Intelligence Act: Promises and Perils? (pp. 23–54). Springer. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-98406-8_2
• Frischhut, M. (2025). Zugang zu Gesundheitsleistungen für Drittstaatsangehörige nach dem neuen EU-Migrations- und Asylpaket. Journal Für Medizin- Und Gesundheitsrecht, 10(3), 221-227. https://doi.org/10.33196/jmg202503022101
• Frischhut, M. (2025). Access to Healthcare of Migrant ‘Third Country Nationals’: Article last updated: January 2025. In S. Garben & L. Gormley (Eds.), Oxford Encyclopedia of EU Law. Oxford University Press. https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law-oeeul/law-oeeul-e179
• Povh, A. F., Frischhut, M., & Mosenhauer, N. (2025). Access and Re-Use of Research Data in Horizon Europe: The Case for Regulatory Modernisation Through Balancing Mechanisms Inspired by Recent EU Data Law. IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law, 56(8), 1460-1493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40319-025-01637-x
• Frischhut, M. (2025). A Common Ethics Body for EU Institutions: A Glass Half-Full. Zeitschrift für Europarechtliche Studien, 28(3), 359–397. https://doi.org/10.5771/1435-439X-2025-3-359
• Frischhut, M. (2025, January 6). Op-Ed: “Professional Ethics vs. Profit: the Independence of Lawyers in CJEU Judgment Halmer Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft (C-295/23)”. EU Law Live, Issue No 53, pp. 16–19. https://eulawlive.com/op-ed-professional-ethics-vs-profit-the-independence-of-lawyers-in-cjeu-judgment-halmer-rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft-c-295-23/
• Frischhut, M. (2024). Ethische Dimensionen der Digitalwirtschaft. In L. Staffler, B. Ebersberger, & A. Jobin (Eds.), Digitalwirtschaft: Technische, wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Grundlagen (2024. Auflage, pp. 109–128). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH; Springer Gabler. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-45724-2_5
• Frischhut, M. (2024). Freedom of Establishment of Health Institutions. In S. Garben & L. Gormley (Eds.), Oxford Encyclopedia of EU Law. Oxford University Press. https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law-oeeul/law-oeeul-e213
• Frischhut, M. (2024). Freedom of Establishment of Light Scrutiny Health Institutions. In S. Garben & L. Gormley (Eds.), Oxford Encyclopedia of EU Law. Oxford University Press. https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law-oeeul/law-oeeul-e214
• Frischhut, M. (2024). Freedom of Establishment of Medium Scrutiny Health Institutions. In S. Garben & L. Gormley (Eds.), Oxford Encyclopedia of EU Law. Oxford University Press. https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law-oeeul/law-oeeul-e215
• Frischhut, M. (2024). Freedom of Establishment of Strict Scrutiny Health Institutions. In S. Garben & L. Gormley (Eds.), Oxford Encyclopedia of EU Law. Oxford University Press. https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law-oeeul/law-oeeul-e220
• Frischhut, M., & Werner-Felmayer, G. (2024). Medical ethical principles against the background of “European values”. Medicine, 52(7), 409–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2024.04.012
• Frischhut, M., & Levaggi, R. (2024). With a little help from my (neighbouring) friends. ‘Border region patient mobility’ in the European Union: a policy analysis. Health Policy, 146, 105114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2024.105114
• Frischhut, M. (2024, May 9). A new EU Body for Ethical Standards: Final destination or important interim step? EU Law Analysis blog contribution. http://eulawanalysis.blogspot.com/2024/05/a-new-eu-body-for-ethical-standards.html
• Frischhut, M. (2024). Book review: Human Dignity and Democracy in Europe: Synergies, Tensions and Crises. (Daniel Bedford, Catherine Dupré, Gábor Halmai and Panos Kapotas (Eds.), Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2022). Common Market Law Review, 61(1), 257–259.
• Frischhut, M. (2023). Eine Europäische Gesundheitsunion: Historische Ideen, aktuelle Pläne und Werte für einen resilienten Wiederaufbau. Zeitschrift Für Öffentliches Recht (ZÖR), 78(2), 177–201. https://doi.org/10.33196/zoer202302017701
• Frischhut, M. (2023). Access to Healthcare of Migrant ‘Third Country Nationals’. In S. Garben & L. Gormley (Eds.), Oxford Encyclopedia of EU Law. Oxford University Press. https://opil.ouplaw.com/display/10.1093/law-oeeul/law-oeeul-e179
• Frischhut, M. (2023). Mandatory vaccination: Pandemics and selected human rights issues from an EU perspective. In E. Symeonidou-Kastanidou, K. Kipouridou, M. Milapidou, & T. Trokanas (Eds.), COVID19-Pandemic: Medical, legal and ethical issues (pp. 17–42). Nomiki Vivliothiki.
• Frischhut, M. (2022). The Ethical Spirit of EU Values: Status Quo of the Union of Values and Future Direction of Travel. Cham: Springer.
• Feeney, O., Werner-Felmayer, G., Siipi, H., Frischhut, M., Zullo, S., Barteczko, U., Ursin, L. Ø., Linn, S., Felzmann, H., Krajnović, D., Saunders, J., & Rakić, V. (2022). European eHealth Responses to Crisis Migration: A Critical Appraisal. In A. Hellemeyer & E. Díaz-Amado (Eds.), Forced Displacement in Conflict Scenarios: Ethics and Human Rights Perspectives (pp. 106–118). Editorial Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. https://repository.javeriana.edu.co/handle/10554/59849
• The EAHL Interest Group on Supranational Biolaw. (2022, May 31). Joint Statement 'Health as a fundamental value. Towards an inclusive and equitable pharmaceutical strategy for the European Union': 2021 Thematic Network on an inclusive and equitable Pharmaceutical Strategy, under the scientific coordination of Aurélie Mahalatchimy and Éloïse Gennet. European Association of Health Law. (download)
• Frischhut, M. (2022). Book review, Richard David Precht, Von der Pflicht: Eine Betrachtung. München: Goldmann Verlag, 2021. 174 pages. ISBN: 978-3-442-31639-7. European Journal of Health Law, 29(2), 321–325. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718093-bja10068
• Parmet, W. E., Frischhut, M., Garde, A., & Toebes, B. (2021). Introduction to Public Health Law. In T. K. Hervey & D. Orentlicher (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Health Law (pp. 69–76). Oxford University Press.
• Frischhut, M. (2021). Communicable and Other Infectious Diseases: The EU Perspective. In T. K. Hervey & D. Orentlicher (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Health Law (pp. 77–96). Oxford University Press.
• Frischhut, M. (2021, April 30). The new mandate of the European Commission’s ethics advisory body for science and new technologies. Further developments and larger context: EU Law Analysis blog contribution. http://eulawanalysis.blogspot.com/2021/04/the-new-mandate-of-european-commissions.html
• Frischhut, M. (2021). Robotic medicine in the EU: digital ethics and EU common values. In M. Milapidou (Ed.), New Technologies in Health: Medical, Legal and Ethical Issues (67-85). Nomiki Bibliothiki.
• Frischhut, M. (2020). EU Values and Ethical Principles for AI and Robotics with Special Consideration of the Health Sector. In M. Hengstschläger & Austrian Council for Research and Technology Development (Eds.), Digital Transformation and Ethics (pp. 244–274). Ecowin Verlag.
• Frischhut, M. (2020). Strengthening transparency and integrity via the new ‘Independent Ethics Body’ (IEB). Study requested by the European Parliament's AFCO committee: PE 661.110. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document.html?reference=IPOL_STU%282020%29661110
• Frischhut, M., & Werner-Felmayer, G. (2020). A European perspective on medical ethics. Medicine, 48(10), 634–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2020.07.001
• Frischhut, M. (2020). EU Werte und ethische Prinzipien für KI und Robotik unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Gesundheitssektors. In M. Hengstschläger & Rat für Forschung und Technologieentwicklung (Eds.), Digitaler Wandel und Ethik (pp. 286–318). Ecowin Verlag.
• Pirs, M., & Frischhut, M. (2020). Ethical Integration in EU Law: The prevailing normative theories in EGE opinions. In N. Ryder & L. Pasculli (Eds.), Corruption, Integrity and the Law: Global Regulatory Challenges (pp. 286–311). Routledge.
• Frischhut, M. (2020). Gesundheitsdienstleistungen im EWR. Europarecht (EuR)(Beiheft 1), 257–280.
• Frischhut, M. (2020). Werte der EU und in der EU. ÖKUM, 32 (1), 10–11. (download)
• Frischhut, M. (2019). The ethical spirit of EU law. Cham: Springer International Publishing. (Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn)
• Feeney, O., Werner-Felmayer, G., Siipi, H., Frischhut, M., Zullo, S., Barteczko, U., Øystein Ursin, L., Linn, S., Felzmann, H., Krajnović, D., Saunders, J., & Rakić, V. (2020). European Electronic Personal Health Records initiatives and vulnerable migrants: A need for greater ethical, legal and social safeguards. Developing World Bioethics, 20(1), 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12240
• Grad, J., & Frischhut, M. (2019). Legal and Ethical Rules in EU Decision-Making: “Soft Law” for Targets and Actors of Lobbying. In D. Dialer & M. Richter (Eds.), Lobbying in the European Union: Strategies, Dynamics and Trends (pp. 305–327). Cham: Springer. (Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn)
• Frischhut, M. (2017). Buchrezension: Über Grenzen denken. Eine Ethik der Migration, von Julian Nida-Rümelin. (Hamburg: Edition Körber-Stiftung, 2017). Common Market Law Review, 54(6), 1893–1895. (Volltext)
• Frischhut, M. (2017). Standards on quality and safety in cross-border healthcare. In A. den Exter (Ed.), Cross-border health care and European Union law (pp. 59–86). Rotterdam: Erasmus University Press. (Volltext) (Tweet 1 und 2)
• Frischhut, M. (2017). What one should know about the European Union (EU): A quick introduction to EU law (4th edition). Wien: Neuer Wissenschaftlicher Verlag (NWV). (Tweet) | Brexit update hier verfügbar : download
• Frischhut, M. (2017). Was man über die Europäische Union (EU) wissen sollte: Ein rascher Einstieg ins EU-Recht (4. Auflage). Wien: Neuer Wissenschaftlicher Verlag (NWV). (Tweet)
• Frischhut, M., & Greer, S. L. (2017). EU public health law and policy – communicable diseases. In T. Hervey, C. Young, & L. E. Bishop (Eds.), Research Handbook on EU Health Law and Policy (315-346). Edward Elgar Publishing. (download)
• Frischhut, M. (2017). Legal and Ethical Issues of Cross-Border Reproductive Care from an EU Perspective: Chapter 17. In M. K. Smith & L. Puczkó (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Health Tourism (pp. 203–218). Abingdon, Oxon: Taylor & Francis. (Tweet)
• Frischhut, M. (2015). "EU": Short for "Ethical" Union?: The Role of Ethics in European Union Law. Heidelberg Journal of International Law (HJIL), 75(3), 531-577. (Volltext)

Forthcoming

• ...

Guest speeches etc.

Selection (for the most recent presentations see at News and activities

• Frischhut, M. (2024, June 20). Speech on the topic of "The AI Act, EU values and democracy" and workshop "Unraveling the AI Act, EU values and the risk-based approach" by Markus Frischhut within the "Ulysseus International Week: Digital transformation", organized by Ulysseus European University, at the Université Côte-d'Azur, in Nice
• Frischhut, M. (2024, June 7). Overview on EU cross-border healthcare - implications for Flash 'Work Package 5', at the Horizon Europe funded 'Flash' annual consortium meeting, University of Catania    
• Frischhut, M. (2024, June 3). "Entscheidungsfindung auf Europäischer Ebene – so geht´s!", Vortrag für das Tiroler Bildungsforum, online via Zoom
• Frischhut, M. (2024, May 31). "Overview on 'national health institutions' and links to related topics of EU health law", at "Framing EU Health Law through Connectivity", annual meeting in the context of the 'Oxford Encyclopedia of EU Law', University Aix-Marseille, Aix en Provence
• Frischhut, M. (2024, May 16). "What is the call from academia?", 'spotlight input' at the ‘Stakeholder round table discussion on the health asks of the next European Parliament and Commission. The European Health Union we want - 2024 and beyond", in the Permanent Representation of Austria to the European Union, Brussels
• Frischhut, M. (2024, April 19). "The ethical spirit of EU law and EU values. ‘Conflicts of interest’ and beyond", presentation at the ‘thematic session’ for the ‘Ethics and Compliance Committee (ECC)’ at the European Central Bank (ECB), Frankfurt am Main
• Frischhut, M. (2024, April 16). "EU fundamental values and health", presentation at the launch conference “The European Union as Global Health Actor” of the Centre of Excellence “New visions of the European Union's role in Global Health” (EU4GH) at the University of Salerno, online via Teams
• Frischhut, M. (2024, February 29). "The ethical spirit of EU law. ECJ case-law in bioethics and the EU’s approach for new technologies", within the 'Annual joint training seminar' of the ‘National Commission of Greece for Bioethics and Technoethics’ and the ‘Laboratory of Medical Law and Bioethics of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki’ (School of Law), Thursday 29th February, online via Zoom
• Frischhut, M. (2024, February 20). "The AIA and fundamental values", within the course 'E-Course Artificial Intelligence: Unraveling AI under the European legal framework (2nd Edition)’, from 19th February to 7th March 2024, organized by NOVA University of Lisbon, online via Zoom.
• Frischhut, M. (2023, October 21). "The EU ‘patient mobility’-acquis in the light of the new concept of a ‘European Health Union" at the International Conference "European Health Union: Perspectives and challenges", organised by the Aristotle University Thessaloniki (AuTH) Laboratory for the Study of Medical Law and Bioethics in cooperation with the National Commission for Bioethics and Technoethics, the Thessaloniki Bar Association and the Thessaloniki Medical Association, online via Zoom
• Frischhut, M. (2023, July 5). Guest speech and workshop “Mandatory vaccination: navigation from ‘social solidarity’ (ECtHR case Vavřička) to other values" at the “8th International Summer School: Medical Law and Bioethics: Minors’ health: legal, medical and bioethical aspects”, organized by the ‘Laboratory for the research of medical law and bioethics' at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
• Frischhut, M. (2023, June 15). Vortrag zum Thema "‘Strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) from the perspective of EU law (& values)" auf der "Conference on Strategic Litigation and Public Health", an der University of Liverpool
• “EU-rechtliche Perspektive & Leihmutterschaft“ at the „Interdisziplinäre Ringvorlesung. Ethische Fragestellungen in der Reproduktionsmedizin", at the Medical University Innsbruck, 26.4.2023
• “Solidarity in health conceptualized through the normative lenses of EU law and ethics” at the “Conference on EU Health Governance: An Opportunity for Trust and Solidarity?”, at the University of Amsterdam, 13.4.2023
• “The ‘European Health Union’. Historical predecessors and current values” at the workshop “The European Health Union. Set up, challenges and global outlook”, organised by the ‘Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law’ (MPIL) & ‘Forschungsstätte der Ev. Studiengemeinschaft – Institut für interdisziplinäre Forschung‘, at the MPIL in Heidelberg, Germany, 1.12.2022
• “Eine Europäische Gesundheitsunion. Historische Ideen, aktuelle Pläne und Werte für einen resilienten Wiederaufbau” at the “21. Österreichischen Europarechtstag: Europa in der Brandung. Wiederaufbau, Werte, Wettbewerb”, at the University of Salzburg, 30.9.2022
• “EU Values and Ethical Principles for AI and Robotics Medicine”, guest speech at summer school “XV Encuentro interautonómico sobre protección jurídica del paciente. De la innovación en salud a la salud de la innovación” at the Universidad Internacional Menéndez Pelayo, Santander / Spain, 30.6.2022 (presentation download)
• "EU law, ethics and health as a value", guest speech in seminar at Uppsala University. 17.2.2022 (presentation download)
• “EU law, common values and public health”, guest speech in the “Health in Europe” seminar at Lancaster University. 3.11.2021 online (Link), recording
• "EU law, common values and public health", presentation at the event 'Unleashing the Power of Law to Promote Better Health for All', organized by the European Public Health Association and the UK Faculty of Public Health, 'Law and Public Health Section kick-off event'. 20.5.2021 (Link | presentation download)
• "Künstliche Intelligenz und Robotik – einige Überlegungen aus unionsrechtlicher Perspektive", Lecture at the meeting "Künstliche Intelligenz und Robotik als theologisch-ethische Herausforderung", organized by the Institute of Islamic Theology and Religious Education at the University of Innsbruck. 13.6.2019 (Link)
• "Gesundheitsdienstleistungen", Lecture at the meeting "25 Jahre Europäischer Wirtschaftsraum – Ein Integrationsszenarium auf dem Prüfstand", organized by the Department of European Law and Public International Law at the University of Innsbruck.
• "The relationship of EU law and science: with a special emphasis on the precautionary principle", Guest speech in the VBE group workshop "Science and Proven Experience in the Legal Regulation of Risk” at Lund University, Sweden. 28.5.2018. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21190.98880
• "The impact of EU law in the health care sector. Access to and quality of care", Guest speech in the seminar “Research Group Law, Democracy and Welfare” at the University of Bergen, Norway. 3.5.2018. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19266.27841
• "Ethical lobbying in the EU: ‘Soft Law’ for Targets and Actors of Lobbying", Guest speech in the "Integrity Research Group" seminar at Kingston University London, UK. 23.1.2018. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29411.45604
• "Ist die EU eine 'Ethische Union'?: Zur Rolle von Ethik, Moral und Religion in der EU", Lecture in the context of GCL Brüssel Exkursion, Brussels, 26.10.2017. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13955.60962
• "EU rules concerning access to health care", Key-note at the 6^th Conference of the European Association of Health Law (EAHL) "Health right regulations and the distribution of health care", University of Bergen, Norway. 29.9.2017.
• "EU – die Ethische Union? Die Rolle von Ethik und Moral in der Europäischen Union", Lecture in the context of Science and Responsibility, MCI Management Center Innsbruck, 31.5.2017.
• "An Increasing Role for Ethics in EU Member States based on EU Ethicalization?" (together with M. Estermann, T. Hotarek, L. Pacey, A. Varona Martin) UNESCO Chair in Bioethics 12^th World Conference Bioethics, Medical Ethics & Health Law, Limassol, Cyprus. 23.3.2017.
• “'Social Membership' vs. ‘EU Citizenship'. Some Reflections on Joseph H. Carens' ‘The Ethics of Immigration' from an EU Law Perspective”. Guest speech at the “Conference on European Democracy (EuDEM) 2016. ‘Return to Politics - Is Europe Prepared for It?'”, organized by the “Austrian Chancellery”, the “Diplomatic Academy Vienna”, and the “Austrian Institute for European and Security Policy (AIES)”. Diplomatic Academy Vienna, Austria. 25.4.2016.
• “’EU’ = ‘Ethical Union?’ The Role of Ethics in European Union Law”. Guest speech in the European Parliament. “EPP Working Group on Bioethics and Human Dignity”. Strasbourg, France. 3.2.2016.
• “The role of ethics and bioethics in EU law and ECJ case-law”. VIII Encuentro interautonómico sobre protección jurídica del paciente como consumidor. Santander, Spain. 18.6. 2015.
• “Some reflections on current ECJ cases in the field of assisted reproduction”. Workshop International Medically Assisted Reproduction (IMAR) - A Central and Eastern European Perspective. Medical University Innsbruck, Austria. 7.5.2015.
• “General information on the directive 2011/24/EU (Topic 1)”. TAIEX Workshop on Cross-border Healthcare Directive. Ankara, Turkey. 27.4.2015.
• “EU - Short for ethical union? The role of ethics (and morality) in European Union law”. UNESCO Chair in Bioethics 10^th World Conference Bioethics, Medical Ethics & Health Law, Jerusalem, Israel. 6.1.2015.